![]() ![]() Herbicide use Īlthough first synthesized in 1882, paraquat's herbicidal properties were not recognized until 1955 in the Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) laboratories at Jealott's Hill. For example, Hugo Weidel's original synthesis used methyl iodide to produce the di iodide. Use of other methylating agents gives the bispyridinium with alternate counterions. This chemical is then di methylated with chloromethane to give the final product as the dichloride salt. ![]() Pyridine is coupled by treatment with sodium in ammonia followed by oxidation to give 4,4′-bipyridine. The name is derived from the para positions of the quaternary nitrogens. Paraquat may be in the form of salt with chloride or other anions quantities of the substance are sometimes expressed by cation mass alone (paraquat cation, paraquat ion). ![]() It has been linked to the development of Parkinson's disease and is banned in several countries. It is also toxic (lethal) to human beings and animals due to its redox activity, which produces superoxide anions. It is quick-acting and non-selective, killing green plant tissue on contact. This salt is one of the most widely used herbicides. It is classified as a viologen, a family of redox-active heterocycles of similar structure. Paraquat ( trivial name / ˈ p ær ə k w ɒ t/), or N, N′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride ( systematic name), also known as methyl viologen, is an organic compound with the chemical formula Cl 2. ![]()
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